It has therefore become necessary to carefully plan WLAN AP deployment to avoid throughput degradation. Due to the large number of deployed WLAN access points, and the small number of orthogonal frequencies available for WLANs in the 2.4 GHz frequency band, hidden terminals are bound to exist in large numbers and are set to increase with the increasing popularity of WLANs. IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (WLANs) have become the most popular and widely used wireless Internet access technology. Simulation results show that the starvation problem is resolved with our approach, and the target throughput is met. To address this problem, based on our model, we formulate a bandwidth allocation problem to optimize the network throughput and fairness under some predefined requirements by systematically tuning the AP and stations contention windows. Simulation evaluation shows that our model predicts network performance accurately over a wide range of network sizes and indicates the existence of a throughput starvation problem. Given any number of hidden nodes, only four constraints are needed to describe the interaction between stations and the AP with the consideration of both uplink and downlink traffic. Unlike existing models, our model can accommodate different numbers of hidden nodes without increasing the model complexity. Motivated by observations from real world wireless local area network (WLAN) deployments, we develop in this paper a novel analytical model to characterize the saturation throughput of an IEEE 802.11-based access point (AP) and stations under the influence of hidden terminals.
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